فصلنامه پرستاری دیابت
سال دهم شماره 3 (تابستان 1401)

Glycosylated hemoglobin is used to achieve glycemic control in diabetes, and adherence to treatment is the amount of behavioral therapy performed by an individual. This study aimed to determine effective factors on treatment adherence dimensions and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients at Aran and Bidgol in 2019.

This was a descriptive-analytical study on diabetic patients referred to Aran and Bidgol health centers from 2019 to 2020. Data were collected through the Madanlu treatment adherence questionnaire and measuring the latest HbA1c level in the patient’s file during the last three months. Literate patients completed the questionnaire, and the illiterate ones were interviewed. Data were analyzed using multiple regression tests and the Pearson correlation coefficient.

The mean age of participants was 60.04±10.75 and the duration of treatment was 9.46±6.81 years. The number (%) was 258(67%) for women, 302(78.4%) for married, 234(60.8%) for employed, 381(99%) for type 2 diabetes. According to the multiple regression test, the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin decreases for each unit of increasing participation in treatment by 0.088, combination by 0.038 and adherence to treatment by 0.156. Also, the value of glycosylated hemoglobin is increases 0.056 for each unit of increasing in commitment to treatment and 0.089 for each unit of tact in execution. R2 was 0.683 and P <0.001.

Glycosylated hemoglobin level has a negative and significant correlation with treatment adherence rate. Due to the improvement of glycosylated hemoglobin levels as a result of better adherence to treatment, promotional interventions are recommended to increase adherence to treatment.

The most common endocrine disease in childhood and adolescence is type I or insulin-dependent diabetes. Mothers are particularly anxious and worried because of the uncertainty in the role of motherhood and the future of the child. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of educational programs on the anxiety of mothers having children with type I diabetes.

The present semi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest design on 40 mothers with type 1 diabetic children. By being present in the research environment, encouraging the mothers to participate, and considering the criteria for entering the study, the researcher selected the subjects using the purposive sampling method and randomly placed them in two intervention and control groups. The number of sessions based on the needs and conditions of the patient's mother was considered to be at least three 30-minute sessions with an interval of every other day. The data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire consisting of a demographic information form and the 40-item Spiel Berger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed in various studies. The obtained data were analyzed in the SPSS 21 software with the help of descriptive statistics. The significance level in this study was 0.05.

The data analysis showed that the two groups did not differ significantly in terms of child's age, gender, maternal age, maternal education, number of children, and duration of diabetes. The mean score of dimensions and the total anxiety score of the study samples in the intervention group were improved after the intervention; however, this difference was not significant.

Mothers of children with diabetes in the intervention group had lower scores in anxiety and its dimensions after the training. In other words, the intervention improved the anxiety scores of mothers. According to the results, it can be suggested that at the beginning of children's hospitalization in the ward, their educational needs and their mothers' needs be checked and the educational content be prepared and adjusted accordingly to reduce mothers' anxiety.

Today diabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases today and a leading cause of death across the globe. There is evidence of thyroid dysfunction in people with type II diabetes, leading to a poorer prognosis in diabetics. The present study aimed to assess thyroid function in patients with type II diabetes.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 patients with type 2 diabetes in Hamada, Iran, during 2018-1400. All patients under treatment with type II diabetes confirmed by the census method were included in the study. A checklist with two sections of demographic and clinical information was used to collect data. After data collection, they were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive and analytical methods.

The patients included 36.6% males and 63.4% females with a mean age of 58.09±10.95 years. The result of the thyroid examination was abnormal in 10.5% of diabetic patients. Thyroid disorder was detected in 31.4% of patients, including clinical hypothyroidism (17.8%), subclinical hypothyroidism (10.5%), and hyperthyroid (3.1%). The prevalence of thyroid disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes in females and those over 35 years of age was significantly higher than in males and those under 35 years of age (P<0.05).

About one-third of participants with diabetes had thyroid dysfunction. Both hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were more common in type II diabetic patients. The findings of this study indicated that further research is needed in the future on measures to evaluate thyroid function in patients with type II diabetes.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy in life expectancy and self-efficacy among diabetic patients in Shahriar, Iran.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the present study included a number of patients with diabetes referred to comprehensive health service centers in Shahriar, Iran, in 1400, from which 30 cases were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). After randomly dividing diabetic patients into experimental and control groups, eight 2-hour positive psychotherapy skill training sessions were presented to the participants in the experimental group for 2 months; however, the control group received no intervention. Both groups completed Schneider et al.'s Scale of Expectancy and Scherer's Self-Efficacy once before and once after the experimental intervention.

Findings of the repeated measures ANOVA showed that positive psychotherapy training had a significant effect on life expectancy and self-efficacy among diabetic patients in Shahriar, Iran (P<0.05).

The results showed that positive psychotherapy training had a positive effect on life expectancy and self-efficacy.

Students’ academic interest as a psychosocial indicator and variable has a positive role to play in education and learning. Therefore, it can significantly affect the output of educational organizations. In this regard, a strong relationship is observed between academic interest and job satisfaction. Consequently, the present study aimed to propose a model of students’ academic interest influenced by teachers’ demographic characteristics with the mediating role of learning strategies among diabetic students.

The statistical population included male and female diabetic high school students aged 14-17 years in Zabol, Iran, in the 2021-22 academic year. Out of this population, 89 students were selected as the sample using the census method. The data collection tools included the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire by Pintrich and de Groot (1990), Holland Code Test, and a researcher-made form to assess the teachers’ demographic information. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling in Smart PLS2.

Based on the results, teachers’ age and experience had positive effects on academic interest. In this regard, the age of teachers had an impact factor of 5.670 with the mediating role of learning. Therefore, learning strategies strengthened the positive effects of teachers’ ages on students’ academic interests.

As evidenced by the results of this study, improving learning strategies and making plans to achieve this goal can significantly influence students’ thinking patterns and interests by focusing on teacher empowerment.